Conclusion
Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) offers a pathway to resilient and sustainable food systems, but
its long-term success depends on integrating aquatic health and ecosystem protection.
Embedding aquatic toxicology into CSA helps assess and mitigate risks such as water pollution,
wetland loss, and biodiversity decline.
To be truly resilient, CSA must evolve into an ecosystem-smart model that balances productivity
with ecological integrity through safeguards, nature-based solutions, One Health principles, and
community participation. For Nigeria and other nations, aligning agricultural growth with aquatic
conservation is key to achieving food security without compromising environmental
sustainability.BOOK CHAPTERS 7 OCTOBER 2025Victoria Folakemi Akinjogunla 2
Menu