Abstract
Morphological and physical characteristics are important determinant factors and indicators of soil nutrient availability, sustainability and consequently soil productivity
part of which contribute significantly to food security. This study characterized the upland soils in Akure North, Southwestern Nigeria in order to determine their
capacity to support food production with the ultimate focus to ensure food security. Contour and topographic maps of the study communities were used to site profile
pits under free survey technique. Soil depth was moderate to very deep (52 – 170 cm) with predominantly black (5YR and 7.5YR) and brownish black (2.5YR and 5YR)
colours at the ‘A/Ap’ horizons and mottles of (10YR) in the subsoils were recorded. Soil structure varied widely from friable to moderately angular blocky. Soil
consistency (moist) varied from loose to firm. The textures of the soils were predominantly loamy sand and sandy loam. The topsoils had lower bulk density, higher
total porosity and higher hydraulic conductivity compared to the subsoils. The soils were classified as Udalfs at the Suborder level of Soil Taxonomy (USDA).
Application of organic materials will help to maximize the potential of these soils for sustainable agricultural productivity. Specifically, the application of organic
residues would generally lower the bulk densities and regulate the hydraulic conductivity of the soils. It is recommended that the soils of the study area be improved by
addition of organic matter which will inturn, enhance the soil morphological and physical properties.
Keywords: Food Security, Upland, Soil Morphology, Soil Physical Characteristics, Soil Colour
jaerem NEW Kolo Jonah 33
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